Difference between revisions of "ICRP Glossary"

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[[Air-kerma rate constant]]
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__NOTOC__
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[[File:Glossary Header-left2.png|800px|frameless|none|link=ICRP Glossary]]
  
[[Accountability]]
+
The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.
  
[[Autonomy]]
+
It is a living document, updated regularly.
  
[[Averted dose]]
+
Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
  
[[Beneficence]]
+
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in [[ICRP publications]].
  
[[Categories of exposure]]
+
----
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
| [[#09|0-9]] || [[#A|A]] || [[#B|B]]  || [[#C|C]]|| [[#D|D]] || [[#E|E]] || [[#F|F]] || [[#G|G]] || [[#H|H]] || [[#I|I]] || [[#J|J]] || [[#K|K]] || [[#L|L]] || [[#M|M]] ||[[#N|N]] || [[#O|O]] || [[#P|P]] || [[#Q|Q]] || [[#R|R]] || [[#S|S]] || [[#T|T]] || [[#U|U]] || [[#V|V]] || [[#W|W]] || [[#X|X]] || [[#Y|Y]] || [[#Z|Z]] || [[#ZZ|...]]
 +
|}
  
[[Co-expertise]]
+
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2">
  
[[Contamination]]
+
=== <big><span id="09">0-9</span></big> ===
  
[[Decontamination]]
+
*4DCT (see [[Time-resolved computed tomography]])
  
[[Deontological Ethics]]
+
=== <big><span id="A">A</span></big> ===
  
[[Dignity]]
+
*[[Absolute risk]]
  
[[Dose constraint]]
+
*[[Absorbed dose]], D
  
[[Dose criteria]]
+
*[[Absorbed fraction]]
  
[[Dose limit]]
+
*[[Absorption]]
  
[[Emergency exposure situation]]
+
*[[Accelerated fractionation]]
  
[[environmental exposure]]
+
*[[Acceptance test]]
  
[[Equity]]
+
*[[Access control]]
  
[[Ethics]]
+
*[[Accountability]]
  
[[Existing exposure situation]]
+
*[[Accreditation]]
  
[[Exposure Pathway]]
+
*[[Action Level]]
  
[[Exposure situation]]
+
*[[Activation]]
  
[[Fairness]]
+
*[[Active detection system]]
  
[[Graded approach]]
+
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
  
[[Health Surveillance]]
+
*[[Activity]]
  
[[Inclusiveness]]
+
*[[Activity median thermodynamic diameter]]
  
[[Individual dose restriction]]
+
*[[Acute exposure]]
  
[[Informed Consent]]
+
*Acute radiation sickness (see [[Acute radiation syndrome]])
  
[[Justice]]
+
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
  
[[Non-maleficence]]
+
*[[Additional dose]]
  
[[Planned exposure situation]]
+
*[[Adaptive response]]
  
[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
+
*[[Additive risk projection model]]
  
[[Precautionary principle]]
+
*[[Adenoma]]
  
[[Principle of application of dose limits]]
+
*[[Adventitious]]
  
[[Principle of justification]]
+
*[[Adventitious source]]
  
[[Principle of optimisation]]
+
*[[Aerodynamic diameter ]]
  
[[Procedural values]]
+
*[[Air-kerma rate constant]]
  
[[Projected dose]]
+
*[[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]]
  
[[Protection strategy]]
+
*[[Air-kerma, entrance surface]]
  
[[Protective action]]
+
*[[Air-kerma, incident]]
  
[[Prudence]]
+
*[[Air-kerma, product]]
  
[[Public exposure]]
+
*[[ALARA]]
  
[[Reasonableness]]
+
*ALI (see [[Annual limit on intake]])
  
[[Recovery]]
+
*[[Alimentary tract]]
  
[[Reference level]]
+
*[[Alimentary tract transfer factor]]
  
[[Rehabilitation]]
+
*[[Allometry]]
  
[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
+
*[[Alpha decay]]
  
[[Remediation]]
+
*[[Alveolar-interstitial region]]
  
[[Representative organism (non-human biota)]]
+
*AMAD (see [[Activity median aerodynamic diameter]])
  
[[Representative person]]
+
*[[Ambient dose equivalent]], H*(10)
  
[[Residual dose]]
+
*[[AML/eto]]
  
[[Right to know]]
+
*[[Angiogenesis]]
  
[[Self-help protection]]
+
*[[Annihilation photons]]
  
[[Radiation Source]]
+
*[[Annual dose]]
  
[[Stakeholder]]
+
*[[Annual intake]]
  
[[Tolerability]]
+
*[[Annual limit on intake]]
  
[[Transparency]]
+
*[[Apoptosis]]
  
[[Utilitarian ethics]]
+
*[[Area monitoring]]
  
[[Value judgement]]
+
*ARS (see [[Acute radiation syndrome]])
  
[[Virtue ethics]]
+
*[[Attributable risk]]
  
[[Wisdom]]
+
*[[Auger transition]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Authorised discharge]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Authorization]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Authorized limit]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Automatic exposure control]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Autonomy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Averted dose]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="B">B</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Backscatter detection system]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Backscatter factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Basal cell]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Baseline disease rates]]
 +
 
 +
*BAT (see [[Best available techniques]])
 +
 
 +
*Bcr/abl (see [[Breakpoint cluster region/abelson]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Beneficence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Benthic]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Best available techniques]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Beta-minus decay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Beta-plus decay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bioassay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Biological half-life]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Biomarker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Biomedical research volunteer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bioturbation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bone marrow]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bradycardia]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Brachytherapy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Branching fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bragg peak]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Breakpoint cluster region/abelson]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Broad beam therapy irradiation technique]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bronchial region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bronchiolar region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Bystander effect]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="C">C</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*CACA (see [[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]])
 +
 
 +
*CAFC (see [[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]])
 +
 
 +
*CBCT (see [[Cone beam computed tomography]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Cardiac arrhythmias]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cardiac valve diseases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cardioverter-defibrillator]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Carers and comforters]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Case–control study]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cell death]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Charged-particle equilibrium]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Chronic exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Class SR-0 gases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Class SR-1 gases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Class SR-2 gases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Clearance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Clearance level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Clinical audit]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Clonogenic cells]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Clonogenic survival]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Clonogenic surviving fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*Cobblestone area cell assay (see [[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Collective dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Co-expertise]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cohort study]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Collective dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Collective effective dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Collimation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Colony]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Commissioning]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Committed effective dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Committed equivalent dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Compartment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Compartment (environmental)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Complex tissues]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Computed tomography dose index]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Concentration ratio]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cone beam computed tomography]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Connective tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Consequential late effects]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Constancy test]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Containment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Contamination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cosmic radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Coster-Kronig transition]]
 +
 
 +
*CR (see [[Concentration ratio]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Cross section]]
 +
 
 +
*Cumulative air kerma (see [[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Cumulative dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Curie]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Cytokines]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="D">D</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*DAC (see [[Derived air concentration]])
 +
 
 +
*DBT (see [[Digital breast tomosynthesis]])
 +
 
 +
*DCRL (see [[Derived consideration reference level]])
 +
 
 +
*DD (see [[Doubling dose]])
 +
 
 +
*DDI, detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
 +
 
 +
*DIL (see [[Derived investigation level]])
 +
 
 +
*DDREF (see [[Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Decay constant]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Decommissioning]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Decontamination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Decontamination factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dental and maxillofacial imaging]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Deposition]] (inhalation)
 +
 
 +
*[[Derived air concentration]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Derived consideration reference level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Derived investigation level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Derived limit]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Derived reference level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Designated area]]
 +
 
 +
*Detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Detector quantum efficiency]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Deterministic effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Detriment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Detriment-adjusted risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Diagnostic reference level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Diastasis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dicentric chromosome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dichotomous]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Differentiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Digital breast tomosynthesis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dignity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Direct bioassay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Directional dose equivalent]] H’(d,Ω)
 +
 
 +
*[[Disposal]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Disposal facility]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Distribution coefficient]] (''K<sub>d</sub>'')
 +
 
 +
*DLP (see [[Dose-length product]])
 +
 
 +
*[[DNA damage signalling]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose]] (of ionising radiation)
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose commitment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose constraint]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose conversion coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose conversion convention]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose conversion factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose criteria]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose equivalent]] in an organ or tissue
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose limit]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose of record (E)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose of record Hp (10)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose per content function]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose per unit intake coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose rate]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose rate effectiveness factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose-length product]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose-threshold hypothesis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose-rate effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose-response function]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Dose-threshold]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Doubling dose]]
 +
 
 +
*DQE (see [[Detector quantum efficiency]])
 +
 
 +
*DRL (see [[Diagnostic reference level]])
 +
 
 +
*[[DRL process]]
 +
 
 +
*[[DRL quantity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[DRL value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[DS02]]
 +
 
 +
*[[DS86]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="E">E</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*EAR (see [[Excess absolute risk]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Early normal tissue responses]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Edema]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Effect Dose 50 ]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Effect modifier]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Effective charge number]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Effective dose]], E
 +
 
 +
*[[Effective dose equivalent]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Effective half-life]]
 +
 
 +
*EI (see [[Exposure index]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Electron-capture decay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Electrophysiology]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Elemental dose]]
 +
 
 +
*ELR (i.e. Excess Lifetime Risk, see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Emergency]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Emergency exposure situation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Emergency plan]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Emergency preparedness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Emergency procedures]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Employer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
 +
 
 +
*Endosteal tissue (see [[Endosteum]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Endosteum]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Environmental exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Environmental radiation protection]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Epigenetic effects]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Epithelium]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Equieffective dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Equilibrium equivalent concentration]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Equilibrium factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Equity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Equivalent dose]]
 +
 
 +
*ERR (see [[Excess relative risk]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Erythropoietin]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Ethics]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Evacuation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
 +
 
 +
*Excess lifetime risk (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Excess relative risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exclusion]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exempt waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exemption level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Existing exposure situation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exogenous excretion]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Expanded and aligned radiation field]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Expanded radiation field]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exponential survival curve]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exposed individuals]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exposure (in the context of inhalation)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exposure index]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exposure pathway]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Exposure situation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Extrathoracic airways]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="F">F</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Fairness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Field-size effect (Volume effect)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Flexible tissues]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Fluence]], Φ
 +
 
 +
*[[Fluoroscopically guided interventions]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Fluoroscopically or computed tomography guided interventions]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Forbiddenness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Fractional absorption in the gastrointestinal tract]], f<sub>1</sub>
 +
 
 +
*[[Fractionation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Fractionation and dose delivery patterns]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Frequent flyer]]
 +
 
 +
*FSU (see [[Functional subunits]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Functional subunits]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="G">G</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Galactic cosmic radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gamma ray]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gastrointestinal syndrome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gastrulation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gastroschisis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[GATA binding protein 2]]
 +
 
 +
*GATA-2 (see [[GATA binding protein 2]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Genomic integrity]]
 +
 
 +
*Geomagnetic cut-off rigidity (see [[Rigidity threshold]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Graded approach]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Graft vs host disease]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gray]] (Gy)
 +
 
 +
*[[Ground-level enhancement]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Growth factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Growth fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Growth hormone (somatotropin)]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="H">H</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Habitual mouth breather]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Habitual nose breather]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Half-life, physical]]
 +
 
 +
*HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Hazard]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Health Surveillance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Heliosphere]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hereditary effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hierarchical tissues]]
 +
 
 +
*[[High level waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[High linear energy transfer radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Homologous recombination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hormones]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hounsfield unit]]
 +
 
 +
*HRTM (see [[Human Respiratory Tract Model]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Human Respiratory Tract Model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hyperfractionation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hypoplasia]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[ICRU 4-element tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[ICRU sphere]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Immune system]]
 +
 
 +
*IMRT (see [[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]])
 +
 
 +
*[[In vivo radiobioassay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Incidence]]
 +
 
 +
*Incidence rate (see [[Incidence]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Incident]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Inclusiveness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Individual decontamination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Individual monitoring]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Individual-related]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Induced genomic instability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Informed consent]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Inhalability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Inner bremsstrahlung]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Institutional control]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intervention]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intake]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intermediate level waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Internal conversion electron]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Interphase death]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intervention Level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Interventional procedure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Investigation level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Iso-effect plots]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Isomers]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Isotropic geometry]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Itinerant (radiation) worker]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="J">J</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Justice]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Justification]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="K">K</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Kerma]], K
 +
 
 +
*[[Kerma approximation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Kp index]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Lag]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Latent time/period or latency interval]]
 +
 
 +
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
 +
 
 +
*LET (see [[Linear energy transfer]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Licensee]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Life Span Study]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Lifetime risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Lifetime risk estimates]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Limitation of dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Lineal energy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear dose response]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear energy transfer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear-non-threshold model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear-quadratic dose response model]]
 +
 
 +
*LLE (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Local DRL]]
 +
 
 +
*Loss of Life Expectancy (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Low Earth orbit]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low dose rate]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low level waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low linear energy transfer radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*LSS (see [[Life Span Study]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Lymphatic system]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="M">M</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Macrophage colony stimulating factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Magnetosphere]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Marrow cellularity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mass median diameter]]
 +
 
 +
*MDCT (see [[Multi-detector computed tomography]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Mean glandular dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Measured quantity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Medical exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Member of the public]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mendelian diseases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mitigation]]
 +
 
 +
*MMD (see [[Mass median diameter]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Molecular imaging]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multifactorial diseases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multiplicative risk projection model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multistage carcinogenesis model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multistage tumorigenesis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multitarget equation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multi-detector computed tomography]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mutation component]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Myocardial perfusion]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Myocardial stress test]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[National radon survey]]
 +
 
 +
*[[National DRL]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Naturally occurring radioactive material]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Necrosis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Neurological syndrome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Neurovascular syndrome]]
 +
 
 +
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Noise]] (in imaging)
 +
 
 +
*[[Nominal value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-maleficence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-sphericity parameter]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-targeted effects]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Notification value]] (in CT)
 +
 
 +
*[[Nuclear medicine]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Nuclear track detectors]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="O">O</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*OAR (see [[Organ at risk]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Occupancy factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Occupational exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*OEA (see [[Oxygen enhancement ratio]])
 +
 
 +
*[[OLINDA/EXM]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Oncogene]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Operating management]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Operational quantity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Optimisation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Optimisation of protection]]
 +
 
 +
*Organ absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Organ at risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Organ dose equivalent]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Other (systemic) tissues]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Orphan source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Oversight]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Oxygen enhancement ratio]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="P">P</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Particle transport]] (in biokinetics)
 +
 
 +
*[[Particle radiance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Patient entrance reference point]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Peak skin dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pelagic]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pencil beam]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Percutaneous coronary intervention]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pericarditis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Personal dose equivalent]], H<sub>p</sub>(d)
 +
 
 +
*[[Phantom]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pharynx]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pilomatricoma]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Planned exposure situation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Platelet-derived growth factor]]
 +
 
 +
*PLDR (see [[Potentially lethal damage repair]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Pooled analysis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Population risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potential alpha energy concentration]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potential exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potential recoverability correction factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Practice]]
 +
 
 +
*PRCF (see [[Potential recoverability correction factor]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Prevailing circumstances]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principle of application of dose limits]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principle of justification]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principle of optimisation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principles of protection]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Procedural values]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Progenitor cell]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Programmed cell death]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Projected dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protection quantities]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protection strategy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protective action]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protective action guide]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Prudence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Public exposure]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="Q">Q</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Qualified expert]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Quality control testing]] (x-ray equipment)
 +
 
 +
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L)
 +
 
 +
*[[Quasi-threshold dose]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="R">R</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation belt]]
 +
 
 +
*Radiation detriment (see [[Detriment]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation modifier]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation safety officer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation weighting factor]], w<sub>R</sub>
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation worker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive dispersion device]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive substance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactivity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiofrequency ablation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiographer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiological attack]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiological protection principles]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radionuclides of natural origin]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioresponsiveness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiosensitiser]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radon progeny]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radon-prone area]]
 +
 
 +
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Ras]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rb]]
 +
 
 +
*RBE (see [[Relative biological effectiveness]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Reactive oxygen species]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reasonableness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Recovery]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Recovery responder]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Redox]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference air kerma]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference Animal and Plant]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference bioassay function]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference biokinetic model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Referrer]]
 +
 
 +
*Reference female (see [[Reference Person]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference individual]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference level]]
 +
 
 +
*Reference male (see [[Reference Person]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference parameter value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference Person]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference phantom]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference worker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Registry]]
 +
 
 +
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Rigidity threshold]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative biological effectiveness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative life lost]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative survival]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relocation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Remedial action]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Remediation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Repopulation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Representative organism (non-human biota)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Representative person]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reproductive integrity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Residual dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Respiratory protection]]
 +
 
 +
*Response function (see [[Dose-response function]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Retrievability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reversibility]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Right to know]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rigidity threshold]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rigidity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Ring chromosome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk model]]
 +
 
 +
*RISM (see [[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]])
 +
 
 +
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*ROS (see [[Reactive oxygen species]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Routine monitoring]]
 +
 
 +
*RR (see [[Relative risk]])
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]]
 +
 
 +
*SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Safety case]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Safety]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Safety culture]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Scintigraphy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sealed source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Secondary radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Secretory cells]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Security]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Security screening]]
 +
 
 +
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Self-help protection]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Senescence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sheltering]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Shielding]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sievert]] (Sv)
 +
 
 +
*[[Size-specific dose estimate]]
 +
 
 +
*SLDR (see [[Sublethal damage repair]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Slice]] (in CT & CBCT)
 +
 
 +
*[[Slow repair]]
 +
 
 +
*SOBP (see [[Spread-out Bragg peak]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar cosmic radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar cycle]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar flare]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar particle event]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar wind]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Somatic effect]]
 +
 
 +
*Source (see [[Radiation source]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Source region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Source term]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Source-related]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Source-related assessment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Special (non-routine) monitoring]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Specific absorbed fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Specific effective energy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Spongiosa]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Spontaneous fission]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Spread-out Bragg peak]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stakeholder]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Standard-size adult]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stem cell]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stenosis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stochastic effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Storage]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Subcutaneous tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sublethal damage repair]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Superposition principle]] (in dosimetry)
 +
 
 +
*[[Supervised area]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Surface contamination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Systemic model]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="T">T</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Tachycardia]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Target region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Target tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Targeted effects]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Telangiectasia]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Teratocarcinoma]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Thermodynamic diameter]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Thoracic airways]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Threshold level]]
 +
 
 +
*Tissue absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Thoron progeny]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Thyroid blocking]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Time factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Time-resolved computed tomography]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tissue equivalent material]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tissue reaction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tissue weighting factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tolerability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tolerance dose]] (in Radiotherapy)
 +
 
 +
*[[Track structure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transfer compartment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transfer of risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transfer rate]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transforming growth factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transgenerational effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Translocation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transmission detection system]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transparency]]
 +
 
 +
*Transport of risk (see [[Transfer of risk]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Tumour suppressor gene]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Trapped particles]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Trophic level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Types of materials]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Typical value]] (for DRL)
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Unattached fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Unsealed source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Upper reference levels]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Uptake]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Utilitarian ethics]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="V">V</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Value judgement]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Valvular heart disease]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Virtue ethics]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Voxel phantom]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="W">W</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Waste disposal]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Waste management]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Wisdom]]
 +
 
 +
*WL (see [[Working level]])
 +
 
 +
*WLM (see [[Working level month]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Worker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Working level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Working level month]]
 +
 
 +
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])
 +
 
 +
*w<sub>R</sub> (see [[Radiation weighting factor]])
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="X">X</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[X ray]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Xerostomia]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="Y">Y</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="Z">Z</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="ZZ">...</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[α/β value]]
 +
 
 +
*α/β ratio (see [[α/β value]])
 +
 
 +
*[[γH2AX foci]]
 +
 
 +
<div>

Latest revision as of 14:37, 3 October 2021

Glossary Header-left2.png

The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.

It is a living document, updated regularly.

Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.

Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.


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