Difference between revisions of "ICRP Glossary"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| (38 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary. | Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary. | ||
| − | Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications. | + | Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in [[ICRP publications]]. |
---- | ---- | ||
| Line 131: | Line 131: | ||
*[[Autoimmune disease]] | *[[Autoimmune disease]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Automatic exposure control]] | ||
*[[Autonomy]] | *[[Autonomy]] | ||
| Line 239: | Line 241: | ||
*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]] | *[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Collective dose]] | ||
*[[Co-expertise]] | *[[Co-expertise]] | ||
| Line 246: | Line 250: | ||
*[[Collective dose]] | *[[Collective dose]] | ||
| − | *[[Collective effective dose]] | + | *[[Collective effective dose]] |
*[[Collimation]] | *[[Collimation]] | ||
| Line 292: | Line 296: | ||
*[[Cross section]] | *[[Cross section]] | ||
| − | *[[ | + | *Cumulative air kerma (see [[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]]) |
*[[Cumulative dose]] | *[[Cumulative dose]] | ||
| Line 323: | Line 327: | ||
*[[Decontamination factor]] | *[[Decontamination factor]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Dental and maxillofacial imaging]] | ||
*[[Deontological Ethics]] | *[[Deontological Ethics]] | ||
| − | *[[Deposition]] | + | *[[Deposition]] (inhalation) |
*[[Derived air concentration]] | *[[Derived air concentration]] | ||
| Line 396: | Line 402: | ||
*[[Dose criteria]] | *[[Dose criteria]] | ||
| − | *[[Dose | + | *[[Dose equivalent]] in an organ or tissue |
| − | *[[Dose | + | *[[Dose limit]] |
| − | *[[Dose | + | *[[Dose modifying factor]] |
| − | *[[Dose | + | *[[Dose of record (E)]] |
| − | *[[Dose | + | *[[Dose of record Hp (10)]] |
*[[Dose per content function]] | *[[Dose per content function]] | ||
| Line 599: | Line 605: | ||
*[[Genomic integrity]] | *[[Genomic integrity]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Geomagnetic cut-off rigidity (see [[Rigidity threshold]]) | ||
*[[Graded approach]] | *[[Graded approach]] | ||
| Line 609: | Line 617: | ||
*[[Gray]] (Gy) | *[[Gray]] (Gy) | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Ground-level enhancement]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Growth factor]] | ||
*[[Growth fraction]] | *[[Growth fraction]] | ||
| Line 622: | Line 634: | ||
*[[Half-life, physical]] | *[[Half-life, physical]] | ||
| − | *HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]] | + | *HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]) |
*[[Hazard]] | *[[Hazard]] | ||
| Line 643: | Line 655: | ||
*[[Hounsfield unit]] | *[[Hounsfield unit]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *HRTM (see [[Human Respiratory Tract Model]]) | ||
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]] | *[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]] | ||
| − | *[[Human | + | *[[Human Respiratory Tract Model]] |
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]] | *[[Hyperbaric oxygen]] | ||
| Line 657: | Line 671: | ||
=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> === | === <big><span id="I">I</span></big> === | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[ICRU 4-element tissue]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[ICRU sphere]] | ||
*[[Immune system]] | *[[Immune system]] | ||
| Line 687: | Line 705: | ||
*[[Institutional control]] | *[[Institutional control]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Intervention]] | ||
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]] | *[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]] | ||
| Line 727: | Line 747: | ||
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> === | === <big><span id="L">L</span></big> === | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Lag]] | ||
*[[Late normal tissue responses]] | *[[Late normal tissue responses]] | ||
| Line 734: | Line 756: | ||
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]] | *[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]] | ||
| − | *LET (see | + | *LET (see [[Linear energy transfer]]) |
| + | |||
| + | *[[Licensee]] | ||
*[[Life Span Study]] | *[[Life Span Study]] | ||
| Line 798: | Line 822: | ||
*[[Mitigation]] | *[[Mitigation]] | ||
| − | *MMD (see | + | *MMD (see [[Mass median diameter]]) |
*[[Molecular imaging]] | *[[Molecular imaging]] | ||
| Line 821: | Line 845: | ||
=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> === | === <big><span id="N">N</span></big> === | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[National radon survey]] | ||
*[[National DRL]] | *[[National DRL]] | ||
| Line 834: | Line 860: | ||
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]]) | *NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]]) | ||
| − | *[[Noise]] | + | *[[Noise]] (in imaging) |
| + | |||
| + | *[[Nominal value]] | ||
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]] | *[[Nominal risk coefficient]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
*[[Non-homologous end joining]] | *[[Non-homologous end joining]] | ||
| Line 850: | Line 876: | ||
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]] | *[[Normal tissue complication probability]] | ||
| − | *[[Notification value]] | + | *[[Notification value]] (in CT) |
*[[Nuclear medicine]] | *[[Nuclear medicine]] | ||
| Line 869: | Line 895: | ||
*[[Oncogene]] | *[[Oncogene]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Operating management]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Operational quantity]] | ||
*[[Optimisation]] | *[[Optimisation]] | ||
| − | *[[Organ absorbed dose | + | *[[Optimisation of protection]] |
| + | |||
| + | *Organ absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]]) | ||
*[[Organ at risk]] | *[[Organ at risk]] | ||
| Line 892: | Line 924: | ||
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]]) | *Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]]) | ||
| − | *[[Particle transport]] | + | *[[Particle transport]] (in biokinetics) |
*[[Particle radiance]] | *[[Particle radiance]] | ||
| Line 929: | Line 961: | ||
*[[Potential exposure]] | *[[Potential exposure]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Potential recoverability correction factor]] | ||
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]] | *[[Potentially lethal damage repair]] | ||
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]] | *[[Practical radiological protection culture]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Practice]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *PRCF (see [[Potential recoverability correction factor]]) | ||
*[[Prevailing circumstances]] | *[[Prevailing circumstances]] | ||
| Line 941: | Line 979: | ||
*[[Principle of optimisation]] | *[[Principle of optimisation]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Principles of protection]] | ||
*[[Procedural values]] | *[[Procedural values]] | ||
| Line 949: | Line 989: | ||
*[[Projected dose]] | *[[Projected dose]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Protection quantities]] | ||
*[[Protection strategy]] | *[[Protection strategy]] | ||
| Line 964: | Line 1,006: | ||
*[[Qualified expert]] | *[[Qualified expert]] | ||
| − | *[[Quality control testing]] | + | *[[Quality control testing]] (x-ray equipment) |
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L) | *[[Quality factor]], Q(L) | ||
| Line 987: | Line 1,029: | ||
*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]] | *[[Radiation-induced second cancer]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]] | ||
*[[Radiation worker]] | *[[Radiation worker]] | ||
| Line 995: | Line 1,039: | ||
*[[Radioactive substance]] | *[[Radioactive substance]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Radioactive waste]] | ||
*[[Radioactivity]] | *[[Radioactivity]] | ||
| Line 1,001: | Line 1,047: | ||
*[[Radiographer]] | *[[Radiographer]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Radiological attack]] | ||
*[[Radiological controlled area]] | *[[Radiological controlled area]] | ||
| Line 1,013: | Line 1,061: | ||
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]] | *[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Radon progeny]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Radon-prone area]] | ||
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]]) | *RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]]) | ||
| Line 1,031: | Line 1,083: | ||
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]] | *[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Redox]] | ||
*[[Reference air kerma]] | *[[Reference air kerma]] | ||
| Line 1,042: | Line 1,096: | ||
*[[Referrer]] | *[[Referrer]] | ||
| − | *Reference female (see [[Reference | + | *Reference female (see [[Reference Person]]) |
*[[Reference individual]] | *[[Reference individual]] | ||
| Line 1,048: | Line 1,102: | ||
*[[Reference level]] | *[[Reference level]] | ||
| − | *Reference male (see [[Reference | + | *Reference male (see [[Reference Person]]) |
*[[Reference parameter value]] | *[[Reference parameter value]] | ||
| Line 1,055: | Line 1,109: | ||
*[[Reference phantom]] | *[[Reference phantom]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Reference value]] | ||
*[[Reference worker]] | *[[Reference worker]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Region]] | ||
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]] | *[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]] | ||
| Line 1,063: | Line 1,121: | ||
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]]) | *REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]]) | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Rigidity threshold]] | ||
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]] | *[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]] | ||
| Line 1,111: | Line 1,171: | ||
*[[Risk model]] | *[[Risk model]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *RISM (see [[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]]) | ||
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]]) | *Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]]) | ||
| Line 1,122: | Line 1,184: | ||
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> === | === <big><span id="S">S</span></big> === | ||
| − | *[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)] | + | *[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]] |
| − | * SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]]) | + | *SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]]) |
*[[Safety case]] | *[[Safety case]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Safety]] | ||
*[[Safety culture]] | *[[Safety culture]] | ||
*[[Scintigraphy]] | *[[Scintigraphy]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Sealed source]] | ||
*[[Secondary radiation]] | *[[Secondary radiation]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Secretory cells]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Security]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Security screening]] | ||
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]] | *SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]] | ||
| Line 1,141: | Line 1,213: | ||
*[[Severe deterministic injury]] | *[[Severe deterministic injury]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Sheltering]] | ||
*[[Shielding]] | *[[Shielding]] | ||
| Line 1,159: | Line 1,233: | ||
*[[Solar cycle]] | *[[Solar cycle]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Solar flare]] | ||
*[[Solar particle event]] | *[[Solar particle event]] | ||
| Line 1,173: | Line 1,249: | ||
*[[Source-related]] | *[[Source-related]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Source-related assessment]] | ||
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]] | *[[South Atlantic anomaly]] | ||
| Line 1,205: | Line 1,283: | ||
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]] | *[[Substantial radiation dose level]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Superposition principle]] (in dosimetry) | ||
*[[Supervised area]] | *[[Supervised area]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Surface contamination]] | ||
*[[Systemic model]] | *[[Systemic model]] | ||
| Line 1,230: | Line 1,312: | ||
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]] | *[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]] | ||
| − | *[[Threshold | + | *[[Threshold level]] |
| + | |||
| + | *Tissue absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]]) | ||
| − | *[[ | + | *[[Thoron progeny]] |
*[[Thyroid blocking]] | *[[Thyroid blocking]] | ||
| Line 1,248: | Line 1,332: | ||
*[[Tolerability]] | *[[Tolerability]] | ||
| − | *[[Tolerance dose]] | + | *[[Tolerance dose]] (in Radiotherapy) |
*[[Track structure]] | *[[Track structure]] | ||
| Line 1,263: | Line 1,347: | ||
*[[Translocation]] | *[[Translocation]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Transmission detection system]] | ||
*[[Transparency]] | *[[Transparency]] | ||
| Line 1,273: | Line 1,359: | ||
*[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]] | *[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Trophic level]] | ||
*[[Types of materials]] | *[[Types of materials]] | ||
| − | *[[Typical value]] | + | *[[Typical value]] (for DRL) |
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> === | === <big><span id="U">U</span></big> === | ||
| Line 1,283: | Line 1,371: | ||
*[[Unsealed source]] | *[[Unsealed source]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Upper reference levels]] | ||
*[[Uptake]] | *[[Uptake]] | ||
| Line 1,301: | Line 1,391: | ||
*[[Waste disposal]] | *[[Waste disposal]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Waste management]] | ||
*[[Wisdom]] | *[[Wisdom]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *WL (see [[Working level]]) | ||
| + | |||
| + | *WLM (see [[Working level month]]) | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Worker]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Working level]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Working level month]] | ||
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]]) | *w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]]) | ||
Latest revision as of 14:37, 3 October 2021
The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.
It is a living document, updated regularly.
Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.
| 0-9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ... |
0-9
- 4DCT (see Time-resolved computed tomography)
A
- Acute radiation sickness (see Acute radiation syndrome)
- ALI (see Annual limit on intake)
- AMAD (see Activity median aerodynamic diameter)
- Ambient dose equivalent, H*(10)
- ARS (see Acute radiation syndrome)
B
- BAT (see Best available techniques)
- Bcr/abl (see Breakpoint cluster region/abelson)
C
- CACA (see Cobblestone area forming cell assay)
- CAFC (see Cobblestone area forming cell assay)
- CBCT (see Cone beam computed tomography)
- Cobblestone area cell assay (see Cobblestone area forming cell assay)
- CR (see Concentration ratio)
- Cumulative air kerma (see Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point)
D
- DAC (see Derived air concentration)
- DBT (see Digital breast tomosynthesis)
- DCRL (see Derived consideration reference level)
- DD (see Doubling dose)
- DDI, detector dose indicator (see Exposure index)
- DIL (see Derived investigation level)
- DDREF (see Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor)
- Deposition (inhalation)
- Detector dose indicator (see Exposure index)
- Directional dose equivalent H’(d,Ω)
- DLP (see Dose-length product)
- Dose (of ionising radiation)
- Dose equivalent in an organ or tissue
- DQE (see Detector quantum efficiency)
- DRL (see Diagnostic reference level)
E
- EAR (see Excess absolute risk)
- EI (see Exposure index)
- ELR (i.e. Excess Lifetime Risk, see Lifetime risk estimates)
- Endosteal tissue (see Endosteum)
- ERR (see Excess relative risk)
- Excess lifetime risk (see Lifetime risk estimates)
F
- Fluence, Φ
- FSU (see Functional subunits)
G
- GATA-2 (see GATA binding protein 2)
- Geomagnetic cut-off rigidity (see Rigidity threshold)
- Gray (Gy)
H
- HATM (see Human Alimentary Tract Model)
- HRTM (see Human Respiratory Tract Model)
I
- IMRT (see Intensity-modulated radiotherapy)
- Incidence rate (see Incidence)
J
K
- Kerma, K
L
- LET (see Linear energy transfer)
- LLE (see Lifetime risk estimates)
- Loss of Life Expectancy (see Lifetime risk estimates)
- LSS (see Life Span Study)
M
- MDCT (see Multi-detector computed tomography)
- MMD (see Mass median diameter)
N
- NHEJ (see Non-homologous end joining)
- Noise (in imaging)
- Notification value (in CT)
O
- OAR (see Organ at risk)
- OEA (see Oxygen enhancement ratio)
- Organ absorbed dose (see Organ/tissue absorbed dose)
P
- Particle fluence (see Fluence)
- Particle transport (in biokinetics)
- Personal dose equivalent, Hp(d)
- PLDR (see Potentially lethal damage repair)
- PRCF (see Potential recoverability correction factor)
Q
- Quality control testing (x-ray equipment)
- Quality factor, Q(L)
R
- Radiation detriment (see Detriment)
- RAP (see Reference Animal and Plant)
- RBE (see Relative biological effectiveness)
- Reference female (see Reference Person)
- Reference male (see Reference Person)
- REID (see Lifetime risk estimates)
- Response function (see Dose-response function)
- RISM (see Radiation-induced secondary malignancy)
- Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see Lifetime risk estimates)
- ROS (see Reactive oxygen species)
- RR (see Relative risk)
S
- SAF (see Specific absorbed fraction)
- SEE (see Specific effective energy]
- Sievert (Sv)
- SLDR (see Sublethal damage repair)
- Slice (in CT & CBCT)
- SOBP (see Spread-out Bragg peak)
- Source (see Radiation source)
- Superposition principle (in dosimetry)
T
- Tissue absorbed dose (see Organ/tissue absorbed dose)
- Tolerance dose (in Radiotherapy)
- Transport of risk (see Transfer of risk)
- Typical value (for DRL)
U
V
W
- WL (see Working level)
- WLM (see Working level month)
- wT (see Tissue weighting factor)
- wR (see Radiation weighting factor)
X
Y
Z
...
- α/β ratio (see α/β value)
